Page 176 - สถิติทางวิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพ เพื่อการวิจัย

°“√§”π«≥¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ß°√≥’∑’˺≈°“√«‘π‘®©—¬„™â‡ªìπ°“√µ√«®§—¥°√Õß (screening test) „Àâ
„™â§à“§«“¡‰«‡ªìπ§à“ p „π°“√§”π«≥¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ߢÕߺŸâ‡ªìπ‚√§ (cases) ∑’Ë®–„™âª√–¡“≥§à“§«“¡‰«
∂⓺≈°“√«‘π‘®©—¬„™â¬◊π¬—π°“√‡ªìπ‚√§ (confirm test) „™â§à“§«“¡‡©æ“–‡ªìπ§à“ p „π°“√§”π«≥
Z 2 p(1 - p)
¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ߺŸâ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ‚√§„™âª√–¡“≥§à“§«“¡‡©æ“–¥â«¬ Ÿµ√ n = a /2 π”§à“ n
0 2 0
e
°—∫Õ—µ√“°“√‡ªìπ‚√§ (percent prevalence) ¢ÕߺŸâ∑’ˇ¢â“√—∫°“√µ√«®„π‚√ß欓∫“≈∑’ˇªìπ ∂“π∑’Ë»÷°…“
¡“§”π«≥À“¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“‰¥â¥—ßπ’È

n = ®”π«πºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“
n ¥ 100
„π°√≥’¢Õß°“√À“§à“§«“¡‰« n = 0
Õ—µ√“°‹“√‡ªìπ‚√§

n ¥ 100
„π°√≥’À“§à“§«“¡‡©æ“– n = 0
100 - Õ—µ√“°‹“√‡ªìπ‚√§

µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë 10.1

„π°“√∑¥ Õ∫À“§«“¡‰«¢Õß·∫∫∑¥ Õ∫‡æ◊ËÕ§—¥°√ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬‚√§®‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π ®“°

√“¬ß“π«‘®—¬∑’˺à“π¡“æ∫«à“·∫∫∑¥ Õ∫¥—ß°≈à“«¡’§à“§«“¡‰«√âÕ¬≈– 82 ®“°√“¬ß“πæ∫«à“
§«“¡™ÿ°¢ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬‚√§®‘µ„π™ÿ¡™π¡’√âÕ¬≈– 6 ¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“§«√‡ªìπ‡∑à“‰√

·∫∫∑¥ Õ∫¡’§«“¡‰« = 0.82 Æ p = 0.82
°”Àπ¥„Àâ Ò = 0.05 Æ Z = 1.96 „Àâ e = 0.10
0.025
2
196. ¥ 082 1. ( - 0 82. )
n = = 56.702
0 2
010.
n ¥ 100
n= 0
Õ—µ√“°‹“√‡ªìπ‚√§

56 702. ¥ 100
n= = 945.03
6
ª 946 §π
„π°“√À“§«“¡‰«¢Õß·∫∫§—¥°√ÕߺŸâªÉ«¬‚√§®‘µ„π™ÿ¡™πµâÕß„™âµ—«Õ¬à“ß„π°“√

∑¥ Õ∫ 946 §π

10.1 °“√§”π«≥¢π“¥µ—«Õ¬à“߇æ◊ËÕÀ“§«“¡‰«·≈–§«“¡‡©æ“–¢Õß°“√«‘π‘®©—¬‚√§ 175

∫∑∑’Ë10 175 30/7/09, 9:10 AM